{"id":591,"date":"2025-05-18T09:43:25","date_gmt":"2025-05-18T07:43:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.obtenerclientes.es\/?p=591"},"modified":"2025-05-18T10:35:23","modified_gmt":"2025-05-18T08:35:23","slug":"1-que-es-el-voltaje-o-tension","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.obtenerclientes.es\/index.php\/2025\/05\/18\/1-que-es-el-voltaje-o-tension\/","title":{"rendered":"1. \u00bfQu\u00e9 es el voltaje? (o tensi\u00f3n)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. \u00bfQu\u00e9 es el voltaje? (o tensi\u00f3n)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Es como la &#8220;presi\u00f3n&#8221; que empuja a los electrones para que se muevan.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Se mide en <strong>voltios (V)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>En el Metro de Madrid, el voltaje que se usa es <strong>600 o 750 V en corriente continua (CC)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ejemplo:<\/strong><br \/>Una pila AA tiene 1,5 V. El metro usa 750 V: \u00a1mucha m\u00e1s fuerza!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. \u00bfQu\u00e9 es la corriente?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Es la <strong>cantidad de electrones que fluyen por segundo<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Se mide en <strong>amperios (A)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A m\u00e1s peso y m\u00e1s trenes, <strong>m\u00e1s amperios<\/strong> necesita el sistema.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3. \u00bfQu\u00e9 es la potencia?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Es cu\u00e1nta <strong>energ\u00eda se est\u00e1 usando por segundo<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Se mide en <strong>vatios (W)<\/strong> o m\u00e1s com\u00fanmente en <strong>kilovatios (kW)<\/strong> o <strong>megavatios (MW)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Se calcula as\u00ed:<br><strong>Potencia (W) = Voltaje (V) \u00d7 Corriente (A)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ejemplo concreto:<\/strong><br \/>Si un tren usa 750 V y consume 2.000 A:<br \/><strong>P = 750 \u00d7 2.000 = 1.500.000 W = 1,5 MW<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ese es el orden de potencia de un tren al acelerar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>4. \u00bfQu\u00e9 son las variaciones?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>En la pr\u00e1ctica, <strong>el voltaje no es constante<\/strong>. Puede variar un poco dependiendo de:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Cu\u00e1ntos trenes est\u00e1n funcionando al mismo tiempo.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>La distancia a la subestaci\u00f3n m\u00e1s cercana.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>El estado del tercer ra\u00edl o la catenaria.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ejemplo real:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>El sistema dice que es de 750 V.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pero un tren en marcha puede recibir <strong>entre 690 V y 800 V<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Los equipos est\u00e1n preparados para tolerar esas peque\u00f1as <strong>fluctuaciones o variaciones<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>5. \u00bfPor qu\u00e9 importa esto?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Si la <strong>potencia es muy baja<\/strong>, el tren acelera lento o no puede arrancar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Si la <strong>variaci\u00f3n de voltaje es demasiado grande<\/strong>, puede da\u00f1ar los equipos.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Por eso se usan <strong>inversores, reguladores y protecciones electr\u00f3nicas<\/strong> para mantener todo estable.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Resumen en palabras sencillas:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Voltaje (V):<\/strong> La fuerza que empuja la electricidad.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Corriente (A):<\/strong> Cu\u00e1nto flujo de electricidad hay.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Potencia (W):<\/strong> Cu\u00e1nta energ\u00eda se usa en total.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Variaciones:<\/strong> Peque\u00f1os cambios en el voltaje que hay que controlar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. \u00bfQu\u00e9 es el voltaje? (o tensi\u00f3n) Ejemplo:Una pila AA tiene 1,5 V. El metro usa 750 V: \u00a1mucha m\u00e1s fuerza! 2. \u00bfQu\u00e9 es la corriente? 3. \u00bfQu\u00e9 es la&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-591","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-articulos-de-interes"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>1. \u00bfQu\u00e9 es el voltaje? 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